When to introduce headers
U9–U10 minimum. Before that, avoid heading (focus on feet). From U10, headers are normal in matches and should be trained.
The progression (4 weeks)
Week 1: Neck strength and awareness
No ball yet. Neck-strengthening exercises (resistance band, neck flexion/extension). Understanding where the head should be positioned (forward, not back).
Coaching cue: "Imagine someone's trying to push your head back. You resist. Your neck stays strong, your head stays forward."
Week 2: Ball familiarity (dead ball)
Partner throws a soft ball. Player heads it gently (no power, just a touch). Hands on hips to prevent hands rising. 20 repetitions per player.
Coaching cue: "Eyes open until the ball leaves your head. Forehead contact, not the top of the head."
Week 3: Ball in motion (tossed)
Partner throws from increasingly higher heights. Player heads back to them. Power increasing. 15 repetitions.
Week 4: Game situations
Small-sided game (5v5 or 7v7). Coach observes headers. Correct immediately if unsafe (eyes closed, wrong contact point, head pulled back).
Common coaching mistakes
Mistake 1: Starting with power.
Kids see headers in matches and want to "smash" it. Too much force on a weak neck = injury. Start light. Power develops naturally as neck strength improves.
Mistake 2: Teaching headers with a hard ball.
Use a soft ball or a balloon initially. Feel the contact is gentle, not jarring.
Mistake 3: Not watching for eyes-closed heading.
Some players instinctively close their eyes. Correct this every time. "Eyes open, watch the ball arrive."
What you're NOT teaching yet
Heading for power (scoring goals with headers) comes later (U13+). At U10–U12, you're just building the technique and safety habit. Power follows naturally.